mla论文范文

mla论文范文篇一

MLA格式论文

外国语学院英语语言文学硕士研究生学位论文

基本格式的规定

根据校研究生处关于硕士研究生学位论文的相关规定，结合英语语言文学专业的学科特点，特就英语语言文学专业硕士学位论文做出如下补充规定：

（一）英语语言文学专业硕士学位论文一般应由以下几部分构成、按照下列顺序编排：1、论文封面; 2、原创性声明和关于论文使用授权的声明; 3、论文内封面；4、英文摘要和英文关键词; 5、中文摘要和中文关键词; 6、论文目录; 7、插图和附表清单；8、论文正文; 9、参考文献; 10、附录; 11、致谢; 12、攻读学位期间发表的学术论文目录。

（二）、英语语言文学专业硕士学位论文的具体要求如下：

1.论文封面：采用研究生处统一规定的封面。填写作者姓名、导师姓名、学位类别、专业名称、研究方向时采用三号楷体；填写论文提交日期时采用三号Times New Roman字体；英文论文题目采用小二号Times New Roman字体、加粗，所有字母全部大写。

2.原创性声明和关于论文使用授权声明： 采用研究生处统一规定的格式。

3.论文内封面：论文设内封面，其中英文论文题目采用Times New Roman三号、居中、加粗，第一个词和实词的首字母大写； 中文论文题目居中、黑体四号；作者英文姓名及以下内容采用Times New Roman四号。具体格式范例见附一。

4.英文摘要和英文关键词：包括论文英文题目（居中、Times New Roman三号、加粗）、ABSTRACT(居中、Times New Roman小三号、加粗)、英文摘要正文（两端对齐、Times New Roman小四号、1.5行距）和英文关键词（其中 “Key Words”采用Times New Roman四号、加粗，其余为Times New Roman小四号）。每个关键词之间以分号隔开。具体格式范例见附二。

5.中文摘要和中文关键词：包括论文中文题目（居中、黑体三号）、摘要（居中、黑体小三号）、摘要正文（两端对齐、宋体小四号）和关键词（其中“关键词”三个字采用黑体四号，其余为宋体小四号、1.5行距）。每个关键词之间以分号隔开。具体格式范例见附三。

6.目录页：包括TABLE OF CONTENTS (居中、Times New Roman小三号、加粗)、一级标题Times New Roman四号、加粗，二级及以下标题Times New Roman小四号。具体格式范例见附四（文学）和附五（语言学）。

7.插图和附表清单：是否列清单应当视论文具体类型而定；清单在目录页之后另起一页，其中标题LIST OF TABLES和LIST OF FIGURES居中、Times New Roman小三号、加粗，其余内容Times New Roman小四号。

8.以上各个部分均以小写罗马字母i, ii, iii, . . .标注页数。

9.正文（绪论、论文主体、结论）：一级标题居中，Times New Roman四号、加粗、所有字母全部大写；二级标题及以下Times New Roman小四号、居左；其余正文文字两端对齐、Times New Roman小四号、1.5行距。具体格式范例见附六（文学）和附七（语言学）。正文每章另起一页，以阿拉伯数字1, 2, 3, … 标注页数。文中引用时文学方向按照MLA(Modern Language Association)的格式，标注作者和页码；语言学方向按照APA(American Psychological Association)的格式，标注作者、年代和页码。

10.参考文献分为英文参考文献和中文参考文献。

(1).英文参考文献：另起一页；文学方向按照MLA(Modern Language Association)的格式，标题为：WORKS CITED，居中、Times New Roman四号、加粗、所有字母全部大写；语言学方向按照APA(American Psychological Association)的格式，标题为：REFERENCES，居中、Times New Roman四号、加粗、所有字母全部大写。参考文献的其余文字Times New Roman小四号、1.5行距，第二行及以下缩进；长篇作品等MLA格式一律用下划线，APA格式一律用斜体。具体格式范例见附八（MLA）和附九（APA）。

(2).中文参考文献：另起一页，按照研究生处规定的格式，但不加序号，标题为宋体四号加粗，其余文字宋体小四号，按照作者姓氏的汉语拼音排序，第二行及以下缩进。具体格式范例见附十。

11. 附录：是否有附录应当视具体情况而定；附录在参考文献之后另起一页，标题为APPENDIX，居中、Times New Roman四号、加粗、所有字母全部大写，其余内容Times New Roman小四号。

12、致谢：另起一页；标题为ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS，居中，Times New Roman四号、加粗、所有字母全部大写。其余文字Times New Roman小四号、1.5行距，两端对齐。

13、攻读学位期间发表的学术论文目录：标题为PUBLICATIONS，居中、Times New Roman四号、加粗，其余内容Times New Roman小四号。

以上规定，请各位研究生严格遵照执行，如果论文不符合上述规定以及MLA style / APA style有关documentation的规定，将退回重新修改；如果因此而影响学位评审，则责任自负。

附一

David Hwang’

论《蝴蝶君》对东方主义的解构及其不完全性

Ding Wenli

Under the Supervision of Professor Zou Huiling

Submitted to School of Foreign Studies, Xuzhou Normal University

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Degree of Master of Arts

Xuzhou, China

May, 2006

附二

David Hwang’

ABSTRACT

In Hwang deconstructs Orientalism in terms of interpersonal relations. He reverses the roles of the self-centered white man and the submissive Oriental woman. As Hwang puts it, Gallimard, the French diplomat, establishes his relations with Song, a Peking Opera singer, on the Butterfly fantasy and believes that he is entitled to have this Butterfly’s love. However, it turns out that Song is not Gallimard’s Butterfly. “She” is a man who makes use of their relations to gather secret information for the Chinese government, while Gallimard, the white man, is the real Butterfly who is controlled and dominated. In this way, Hwang demonstrates that the stereotype of the submissive Oriental woman is unreal and that it is merely a white male fantasy.

. . .

Key Words： Orientalism；；

inadequacy；deconstruction

附三

论《蝴蝶君》对东方主义的解构及其不完全性

摘 要

黄哲伦在人际关系层面上解构了东方主义传统，倒置了以自我为中心的西方男子与顺从的东方女子之间的关系。在他笔下，男主人公法国外交官伽俐玛把自己与中国京剧演员宋俐伶之间的关系建立在对蝴蝶夫人的幻想上，认为自己有权拥有东方女子的爱情。然而，事实证明，宋俐伶并非伽俐玛的蝴蝶夫人，而是利用二人关系为中国政府窃取情报的男间谍，而伽俐玛才是被控制、被主宰的“蝴蝶夫人”。黄哲伦以此揭示了蝴蝶夫人形象的不真实性，表明那只不过是西方白人对东方女子不切实际的幻想。

„„

关键词：东方主义；《蝴蝶君》；《蝴蝶夫人》；不完全性； 解构

mla论文范文篇二

论文格式MLA

外国语学院本科生英语专业毕业论文装订顺序（MLA格式） （注：此格式用于文学、翻译方向的论文）

1. 毕业论文封面（汉语） 2. 毕业论文首页 （英语） 3. 致谢（英文）

4. 毕业论文中文摘要及关键词 5. 毕业论文英文摘要及关键词 6. 目录 7. 正文

8. 尾注（可选）

9. 参考文献（英语文献在前，汉语文献在后） 10. 附录（可选）

附：论文模板（模板内容仅供参考，毕业生可根据实际情况填写）

学号：

反戏剧手法

学 院 名 称： 外 国 语 学 院 专 业 名 称： 英 语 教 育 年 级 班 别： 2002 级 5 班 姓 名： 刘 海 涛 指 导 教 师： 李 庆 东

年 月

A Study of “Anti-play” Techniques on

Waiting for Godot from the Perspectives of

Postmodernism

A Thesis Submitted

to Faculty of International Studies of

Henan Normal University

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts

By Your name

Supervisor：Li Qingdong

英文年月日{mla论文范文}.

(Times New Roman 三号 粗体

居中)

all those who have given me their generous helps, commitment and …

I

摘要（此处为宋体，小二号，粗体）

本文作者尝试从后现代主义的视角去认识《等待戈多》的反戏剧手法，感受贝克特通过此剧所传达的后现代主义精神。这里，本文关注了四个典型的后现代主义特征，它们分别是：主体的消失；深层模式削平；不确定性；戏拟和反讽。通过分析我们不仅看到他对传统戏剧规范所进行的空前激烈的颠覆，也体会到他作为后现代主义的先驱所传达给我们的后现代主义精神。贝克特高超的艺术手法

后现代主义文学的形式革新中独领风骚。

：塞缪尔·贝克特；《等待戈多》

II

mla论文范文篇三

MLA格式范文

Hua Su

Political Science 101, Section009

Professor Dighton M. Fiddner

24 March 2010

Brief Analysis of Cuban Missile Crisis

I think the people who have at least a little bit concern about the world issues should know the famous Cuban Missile Crisis. It has being discussed and studied over and over again by many scientists, scholars and experts since it happened. On October 15, 1962, United States reconnaissance discovered and had photos to prove that there were missile bases being built in Cuba. “One of the most startling of the thousands of photographs---some 30,000 feet of film in all---analyzed by the President and his advisers is this one of a fully operating medium-range missile base, manned by Russian technicians and able to shoot its missiles as far into the U.S. as Norfolk or Houston “(The Pictures That Spurred Us to Act)”. The next day, the president of United States was informed and organized a group of advisors, which is called Executive Committee of the National Security Council, short for EXCOMM, to discuss how to deal with this perilous event. In Cuba at that time, the government was led by communist Fidel Castro. He was afraid that the United States would attack Cuba again after the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion. So he agreed that Soviet Union, which was led by Nikita Khrushchev at that time, could put missiles in Cuba. Because Cuba and United States are so close to each other, the missiles in Cuba were

big threat to US. After several days of discussion, the government of Kennedy imposed a naval quarantine around Cuba and demanded that the Soviet Union removed the missiles from Cuba. After a series of negotiations between the United States, Soviet Union and Cuba, on October 28, 1962, the crisis eased after a no-invasion agreement was reached and the Soviet Union agreed to dismantle the missiles.

I think it will be best for me to explain this significant event using the interstate level of analysis and the theory of realism.

Interstate level of analysis contains several categories which influence the Cuban missile crisis obviously. Power is the most apparent influence. Just like Cuban, Soviet and United States all competed and threatened each other with their military power. And between Cuba and Soviet Union, they formed an alliance against United States. During the crisis, IGOs, summit meetings, each side’s diplomacy and the bargaining happening among their negotiations all had important influences which should not be forgotten.

Power is the ability to get someone to do what it would not otherwise have done (or not to do what it would have done) (Goldstein et al.). United States at that time could not stand that there is a communist country located so close to it. So a CIA trained force tried to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro on April 17, 1961. But it turned out a failure. After the Bay of Pigs invasion, Cuba found out that only by increasing its own power can it prevent another United States’ invasion. And, improvement of its military power is the best way. At that time, the biggest and

strongest communist country was Soviet Union. It possessed nuclear weapons. That was also the time when the United States and the Soviet Union were the major participants of the Cold War. They competed with each other in the fields of politics, military, economy, etc. Cuba is located only several miles away from Florida. So, it would be a great threat to the United States by placing nuclear missiles on the island of Cuba and at the same time prevent the United States from starting another invasion of Cuba. Cuba agreed the nuclear missiles building is for the sake of its sovereignty, territory and organization of governing. As for the Soviet Union, the reason is its diplomatic recognition. They all did it for their own interests.

During the event, in order to prevent the Soviet Union from shipping more nuclear missiles devices to Cuba, the United States blocked the sea around the island of Cuba. But, the United States actually had no right to do the quarantine. United States’ quarantine against Cuba, in my opinion, was realism. Every nation has its right to possess its weapon for defense. It is against the international law, the United Nation’s Charter and the right of passage in international waters. The United States’ action had implied that there is no central organizing authority in the international politics. Every entity seeks its self-interests. The United States has reported that the nuclear missiles which were being placed in Cuba were seriously offensive (The Pictures That Spurred Us to Act). So in order to keep its national security under control, the United States chose to use quarantine. And this quarantine greatly related to the power of the United States. It had strong economic and military power so that this restrict quarantine can be forced.

The United Nations had noticed the possibility that the conflict between these two super powers could lead to a nuclear war which would be a huge disaster. So the United Nations was negotiating with these three nations trying to ease the tension. “The break in the crisis came on Sunday, October 28, when the Soviet Government finally agreed to dismantle its offensive weapons in Cuba and return them to the Soviet Union subject to United Nations’ verification” (GlobalSecurity.org).

When the United States, the Soviet Union and Cuba were negotiating with each other, there was a lot of bargaining going on between them. There were a lot of letters and communications being exchanged between Khrushchev and Kennedy:

On October 23 and 24, Khrushchev sent letters to Kennedy indicating

the deterrent nature of the missiles in Cuba and the peaceful intentions of

the Soviet Union. On October 26, Khrushchev sent Kennedy a long

rambling letter seemingly proposing that the missile installations would

be dismantled and personnel removed in exchange for United States

assurances that it or its proxies would not invade Cuba. On October 27,

another letter to Kennedy arrived from Khrushchev, suggesting that

missile installations in Cuba would be dismantled if the United States

dismantled its missile installations in Turkey (Cold War: Cuban Missile

Crisis).

However the United States did agree the Soviet Union to remove the Jupiter missiles in Turkey. Just at that time this agreement didn’t go public. At the same time, the United States agreed to sign an agreement that promised not to invade Cuba. So

we can tell from the information that the Soviet Union and the United States both were bargaining about their preferred outcomes. And the Soviet Union had achieved its two main goals. Asking the United States to remove the Jupiter missile in Turkey was for the sake of its national security; and forming an agreement which the United States would not invade Cuba was for its diplomatic recognition.

Because at that time, the world media did not report the news that the United States had already agreed to remove the Jupiter missile in Turkey and, which was very obvious that the Soviet Union had already removed its missile in Cuba. In public, it seemed that the Soviet Union lost and the United States won. However in reality, they both made concessions.

I basically used the theory of realism and the interstate level of analysis to explain my point of view toward this event. And I pointed out a couple of key influences of the Cuban missile crisis, like the theory of power, UN’s interference, bargaining, summit meeting etc. In my point of view, these are the major factors I should think of when it comes to analyze the Cuban missile crisis.

This Cuban missile crisis makes the world realize that how close we are to a nuclear war and how important the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons is for the people around the world. We cannot afford the price of starting WWIII. So the best way to avoid it is to know, learn and study the possible causes and try to predict the outcome of complicated international event.

mla论文范文篇四

MLA毕业论文格式

MLA格式是什么？我们在留学写作业和论文的时候，经常会遇到外教要求用MLA格式写作。

MLA 是一种常用的引用格式,由于在外国,文章中即使是一小句也不可以随便不加任何注释的引用,所以MLA 格式很严谨。

MLA引用格式。Modern Language Association为美国现代语言协会制定的论文指导格式，在一般书写英语论文时应当使用MLA格式来保证学术著作的完整。与MLA格式相似，常用的还有APA格式、哈佛格式等等，下面我们详细解读一下MLA格式，我们也为文章末尾大家准备了MLA格式的论文写作规范WORD和PDF两个版本供大家下载和使用！

关于“美国文学”课程论文MLA格式的细则

Rubric of the Course Paper for “American Literature”

1.The thesis is written in English, including the citation.( 全文用英文书写, 包括引用文献。)

2.What are some essential standard of a MLA paper? (MLA 论文基本要求)Type your paper on a computer and print it out on standard, white 8.5 x 11-inch paper. Set the margins of your thesis to one-inch（2.54 centimeters）on all sides. The paper should be double-space typed. There is one space between every English words. There is no space between the words and punctuations. (用12号新罗马字体排版，双倍行距。页边距为2.54厘米，16开A4白色纸打印，英文单词之间相距一个空格。单词和标点符号之间没有空格。)

3.How to Create a Header? 如何编辑页眉？Create a header in the upper right-hand corner that includes your family name, followed by a space with the page number; number all pages consecutively with Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, 4) and flush with the right margin. Omit the page number on Page One.(编辑页眉，将你的姓和页码标注在右上角，姓和页码之间有一个空格，不用标点符号；上面边距是1.27厘米，右边与正文部分对齐。)

4.How to deal with the first page? 第一页格式的处理。In the upper left-hand corner of the first page, list your name; your number and your class; the tutor’s name; the course; and the date. The date in MLA format should be written as “day month year.”: i.e. 29 December 2011(without comma between each word and the month should not be abbreviated.) Be sure to use double space. (第一页左上角，纵向排列你的名字；学号、班级；指导老师的名字；课程名称；日期（格式是日月年，中间不用标点符号，月份也不用缩写，如：29 December 2011）

5.How to write a title?(如何写标题？)The title is centered and written in 12-piont Times New Roman font. The title is not bold, underlined, or italicized. But use quotation mark or italic(s) if your title includes works (an article, a poem, or a story) or a book of others, do just as you would do in the text: quote the title of the article, the poem or the story while italicize the book. (标题居中，用12号新罗马字体。标题不用黑体，下划线或斜体，如果标题中有已出版的文章，文章部分用双引号，如果是书籍，书籍部分用斜体。如：Sybolism in “Young Good Man Brown.” 或Sybolism in Scarlet Letter。

6.How to write an outline? 如何写提纲？（(You are not required to write an outline this time).注意：这次没有要求写提纲。）As for the outline of a MLA paper, there is a sample of outline on Page 38 of the fifth edition of MLA Handbook for Writers of{mla论文范文}.

Research Papers: A- level: I, II, III, B-level: A, B, C; C-level: 1, 2, 3; D-level:a, b, c, E-level: (1), (2), (3); F-level: (a), (b), (c). (MLA论文的题纲可以参考《MLA科研论文写作规范》第五版38页的提纲：A级：用大写罗马数字I, II, III等；B级：用大写英文字母A, B, C等；C级：用阿拉伯数字1、2、3 等；D级：用小写英文字母a，b, c 等; E级：用阿拉伯数字加括号如(1), (2), (3); F级：用小写英文字母加括号，如：(a), (b), (c).)

7.（如何写副标题？）As for the heading of the text, title the main sections(B-level) 用不同的字体将文章中B级标题和主标题区分开: 如标题左对齐, 词首字母用12号字体，其余用10号字体，大写锁定键键入，如：主标题是：Symbolism in “Young Good Man Brown”(居中)，B级标题是SYMBOLIC MEANING OF NATURE.（左对齐），然后用两倍行距分行，开始正文部分；C级标题大写词首字母，用斜体格式，不分行，直接开始正文部分。如: C级标题 Symblic Meaning of the Forest

8.How to indent the first paragraph? (如何编辑段落？)Indent the first sentence of each paragraph 0.5inch. Microsoft Word suggests using the Tab ky. (每一段第一句缩进半英寸（1.75厘米），用Tab键。

9.How many parts are there basically in a thesis? (论文最基本应该包括几部分？)The thesis should have an introductory paragraph, body paragraphs for developing ideas and a paragraph for conclusion. (论文应该包括一段引言部分、几段论证部分和一段结论部分。)

10.How to write the introduction? Is it the introduction of the author or the introduction of the plot of the story? (如何写论文的引言部分？它是作者的生平介绍吗？它是小说的故事情节介绍吗？) No, The introduction is neither the introduction of the author nor that of the plot of the story you study. It is an introduction of the paper you are writing. It should set the context for the rest of the paper. It tells your readers why you are writing and why your topic is important. It ends with a thesis statement which is the position you will develop and support throughout the paper. The thesis statement guides and controls your paper.(引言部分既不是你所研究的文章的作者介绍，也不是作品的故事情节介绍，而是对你写的论文大致介绍。它为整篇文章定下基调，告知读者你的论文的必要性和重要性；引言部分用一个句子作为全文中心论点结束，中心论点是需要论证阐释的观点，指导和控制全文，使整篇文章不至于偏题。)

11.How to Make the Ideas of a Long Thesis Easier for the Reader to Grasp? (如何使一篇篇幅较长的论文便于读者理解？)If your thesis is a long one, you may want to write about how your paper is organized. This can help your reader to follow your ideas.(如果你的论文比较长，在引言之后接下来一段，你可以介绍你论文的结构，便于读者理解你的观点。)

12.What are the elements for the body paragraphs? （正文段落的有哪些要素？）Body paragraphs have these four elements: a transition, a topic sentence, evidence and a brief wrap-up sentence. At the beginning of your developing paragraphs, make sure you have transitory words, phrases or paragraphs to have each part connected logically together. You‟d better begin each paragraph with a topic sentence and several other sentences of instances to support it, and the last sentence to wrap up for a conclusion while transitioning to the next paragraph.(每一个自然段开始，要注意用过渡段的连接词，词组或句子，把每一部分串联成一个符合逻辑的整体。每一段

开始用一个中心句，接下来用列子证明，句与句之间要有表示逻辑关系的词，词组，最后用一句话概括整段大意,并与下一段自然过渡。)

13.How to quote in the text? (如何在正文中引用文献？)In-text citations occur after the quote but before the period. The author’s/authors’ name/s go before the page number with no comma in between. i.e. “A lone woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts that she’s afraid of herself sometimes” (Hawthorne 431). If you go on to quote the same work, put the page number in a bracket only. i.e. “She’s a blessed angel on earth; and after this one night I’ll cling to her skirts and follow her to heaven”(432). 文中引用文献的标注在引用部分后面，句号前面，作者姓空格页码，中间没有逗号），如果同一页引用同一作品，则只标页码。

14.Use block quote when quotations are longer than four-typed lines. Block quotations begin on a new line, are double-spaced and indented one-inch from the margin. Do not use quotation marks. The citation information (the author‟s name and the page number) follow. （如果被引用的部分超过三行，则引用整段。整段引用另起一行，双倍行距，自页边空白整体缩进一英寸（2.54厘米），不用引号，末尾添加引用来源（作者姓空格页码）。

15.If you delete words from the original quote, insert an ellipsis, three periods with a space before and after each one.(如果你去掉引文中的一些单词，用省略号（三个前后有空格的小圆点）。

16.If a source has more than three authors, use the first author’s surname followed by “et al.” i.e. (Barker et al. 23) （如果文献作者是三位以上，文中引用只用第一位作者的姓，后面是空格加“et al." 再空格加页码）

17.Citation from a website:

A. If the website has no page number,you simply use the author's surname after the period.i.e.

B. If you cite an indirect source, words quoted in another source. ie.(qtd.in author's surname).

C. Source with an unknown author is cited by a shortened title.(The first word of the title with a quotation mark:i.e. "Automatically")

17.Conclusion wrap up what you have discussed in your paper. Because it is B-level, the first paragraph is not indented. (结尾部分总结论文中讨论的话题。因它是B级标题，第一段不缩进。)

18.How to Use Endnotes? (如何使用尾注？） Use endnotes to explain something that doesn’t fit in with the rest of the paragraph. Avoid lengthy discussion in the endnote. Endnote begins on a new page after the paper but before the Work/s Cited page. Double space all entries and indent each entry 0.5 inch from the margin.（如果有和本段不相吻合，可以用尾注加以详细解释。尾注要简洁，避免冗长的讨论。尾注在正文后另起一页，置于文献引用页之前，用双行距，左对齐，页边距是半英寸，即1.75厘米。

19.How to format the Work/s Cited page ?(引用作品格式）

The Work/s Cited page is a list of all the sources you cited in your paper. It includes books, journals, magazines, online resources, films, CD-Rom, interview，classroom notes, blog, e-mail, diaries, etc.（“引用作品”页是在你论文最后列出你文中引用的信息的来源, 包括书籍，期刊，报刊，网络，电影，光盘，访谈，课堂笔记，博

客，电子邮件，日记等）

The Works Cited page begins on a new page. Center the title Works Cited without underlining, bolding, italicizing it. If there is only one entry, write Work Cited.引用作品页置于尾注页之后，另起一页。将Works Cited 的标题居中，不加下划线，不加斜体。如果只引用一项，则用单数“Work Cited."

List the entries in the alphebetically order. 按照字母表的顺序排列。

MLA now requires all sources to have a publication marker. For example, books receive the marker “print” after the citation. Online sources have the marker of "Web." CD-Rom, E-mail, Blog for resources from CD-Rom, E-mail, and Blog respectively. 现在MLA要求所有引用文献要有一个“出版标志." 比如，书藉后用"Print.," 网络信息用"Web" ,光盘用CD-Rom，博客用Blog.电子邮件用e-mail.(详见以下例子。）

If a source doesn’t have a list of publisher, and you can infer who the publisher is. Place the publisher’s name in brackets.(如果原文没有出版社，但你能够猜到出版商是谁，可以用括号把出版商括起来。

Online Resources Citation: MLA no long requires URLs in the Works Cited, instead, you must write “web” before the date of access in the entry. This serves as the entry‟s publication marker. i.e.Contributors' names. "Title of Resource." The Purdue OWL. Purdue U Writing Lab, Last edited date. Web. Date of access. 对于网络信息，MLA 不再要求给出详细网址，但你必须在你访问网址的时间之前注明“Web”作为出版标记。如：作者姓，名. “文章名”. 网站，最后编辑日月年. Web. 访问日月年.

Russell, Tony, Allen Brizee, and Elizabeth Angeli. "MLA Formatting and Style Guide." The Purdue OWL. Purdue U Writing Lab, 4 Apr. 2010. Web. 20 July 2010. Note: 短篇小说课本引用格式：小说作者姓， 名. “文章标题.” 论文集名称. Ed. 论文集编者名姓. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年代. 起始页码.Print.

Lawrence,D.H. "The Rocking Horse Winner." The Norton Anthology of Short Fiction. Ed. R.V.Cassill. 5th. ed. New York: Norton, 1995. 543-559. Print.

-------------------

注意：

1.现在MLA不再在书名下用下划线，而是用斜体字。

2.现在MLA要求用print 标记公开出版的纸质刊物的出版特征，包括书，杂志，报纸。

3.现在MLA不要求网络信息的详细网址，但要用Web 标记信息来源的出版特征。

以下信息来自网络，稍作改动。

1. 独著

姓，名. 书名. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年代.Print.

Bambrough, Renford. The Philosophy of Aristotle. New York: The New American Library, 1963.Print.

2. 两至三名作者

姓，名, 名姓, 名姓, and 名姓. 书名. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年代.Print.

Horton, Rod W., and Herbert W. Edwards. Backgrounds of American Literary Thought. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., 1952.Print.

Atwan, Robert, Donald Mcquade, and John Wright. Edsels, Luckies, and Frigidaires: Advertising the American Way. New York: Dell, 1979.Print.

3. 四名或以上作者

姓，名, et al. 书名. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年代.Print.

Belenky, Mary Field, et, al. Women's Ways of Knowing: The Development of Self, Voice, and Mind. New York: Basic, 1986.Print.

4. 机构作者

机构名称. 书名. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年代.Print.

American Psychological Association. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. 4th ed. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1994.Print.

5. 匿名作者

书名. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年代.Print.

The New York Times Atlas of the World. New York: New York Times Books, 1980. Print.

6. 同一作者两本以上著作

以书名第一个主要单词的首字母顺序排列先后，作者的姓名放在第一条文献条目前，第二条文献条目前用三个连字号。

Bloom, Harold. The Anxiety of Influence, a Theory of Poetry. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973.Print.

---. A Map of Misreading. New York: Oxford University Press, 1975.Print.

7. 编著

一名编者:

姓, 名, ed. 书名. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年.Print.

Frye, Northrop, ed. Romanticism Reconsidered. New York: Columbia University Press, 1963.Print.

两名编者:

姓, 名, and 名姓, eds. 书名. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年.Print.

Glotfelty, Cheryll, and Harold Fromm, eds. The Ecocriticism Reader: Landmarks in Literary Ecology. Atherns: The

University of Georgia Press, 1966.Print.

三名以上的编者:

第一编者姓, 名, et al. 书名. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年.Print.

Donadio, Stephen, et al., eds. Emerson and His Legacy. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1986.Print.

8. 译著

原作者姓, 名. 书名. Trans. 译者名姓. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年.Print.

Freud, Sigmund. Civilization and Its Discontents. Trans. James Strachey. New York: Norton, !961.Print.

9. 再版著作

姓，名. 书名. 版别序号 ed. 出版地: 出版社, 出版年代.Print.

Fromkin, Victoria, and Robert Rodman. An Introduction to Language. 5th ed. Ft. Worth: Harcourt, 1993. Print.

10. 论文集中的文章

mla论文范文篇五

MLA论文文本规范

论文格式要求

1．论文全文采用小四号Times New Roman（12号）字体：论文题目采用小二号 Times New Roman；中文题目采用小2号宋体。一级标题（章标题）采用16号Times New Roman，分别冠以I、II、III、IV、V等序号；二级标题（节标题）14号，分别冠以1.1, 1.2、2.1, 2.2、等序号；三级标题（节以下标题）均采用12号，分别冠以1.1.1、2.1.1等序号。所有标题加黑。

2． 论文正文采用段首缩进5个字符，单面打印；2倍行距。正文第一页加论文题目。

3．正文（包括附录和参考文献）页码标注格式为阿拉伯数字1 2 3….页码标注在页面底部居中。论文封面不标注页码。

4．论文采用A4复印纸单面打印。上、下、右边距为25mm；左边距为30mm，其中10mm供装订。

5．论文装订次序为论文封面、论文主体（body），参考文献、附录（若有）。论文页码从正文开始。

示例1：MLA格式参考文献著录及引述格式

第一部分：正文内引述 (In-text Citation: MLA Style){mla论文范文}.

[The formatting generally follows the latest Modern Language Association (MLA) style, including parenthetical references.＊Parenthetical documentation means that in the text, only the author’s surname and the page number is given in parentheses following the quotation or any reference to another source. If the author’s name is given in the introductory statement to the quotation, only the page number is given in parentheses at （MLA一般不用脚注）The Works Cited page contains the full name of the author, the title of the book, etc. Internet sites frequently do not have page numbers, so that only the name of the author or web site is given in parentheses. Footnotes are used sparingly, and only to give additional information not suitable to include in the text.] (Julia Diterman) Ⅰ. MLA格式文内摘录一般用括号加注法：

1． 括号内（作者姓氏＋引文页码），如果引文中已经给出作者姓名，只需括号加注内页码即可。例如：

e.g In studying the influence of Latin American, African and Asian music on modern American composers, music historians tend to discuss such figures as Aaron Copland, George Gershwin, Henry Cowell, Alan Hovhaness, and John Cage (Brindle; Griffiths 104-39; Hitchcock 173-98这里同时引用不同作者的多篇文献){mla论文范文}.

e.g Brian Taves suggests some interesting conclusions regarding philosophy and politics of the adventure film (153-54, 171).

e.g Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her” (Fountain 33).

e.g Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her (Fountain 33).”（不规范）

e.g Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her (Fountain 33).” （不规范）

2. 引用中文著作或期刊时同姓作者的情况较多，应在括号夹注中使用他们名字的首字母加以区分，如：

MLA： (S.R. Wang 26) (J.X. Wang 30)

3. 两个作者时可以用 & 连接，两个以上时可用 ，隔开. 如：

e.g According to educational psychologists, raising children is a responsibility

of the entire community (Franklin, Childs, & Smith 410).

4. 引用团体作者的作品，括号夹注中应使用团体的名称，如：

e.g It was apparent that the American health care system needed “to be fixed

and perhaps radically modified” (Public Agenda Foundation 4).

5. 引用无作者文献:引用无作者文献，如果文献标题没有出现在正文里，则括号夹注中应使用该标题或者（如果标题过长的话）使用该标题中的关键词组，如:

e.g An anonymous Wordsworth critic once argued that his poems were too emotional (“Wordsworth Is A Loser” 100).

6.引用非直接文献（indirect source）论文应尽可能避免使用非直接文献（即二级文献secondary source），但在无法找到直接文献（即一级文献primary source）的情况下，引文可以从非直接文献中析出，例如：

e.g Samuel Johnson admitted that Edmund Burke was an “extraordinary man”

(qtd. in Boswell 2: 450).

Ⅱ 引用整篇文献（即全书或全文）观点时有两种情况：一种是作者的姓

氏在正文中没有出现，如：

(摘自：复旦大学英语语言专业学位论文规范)

e.g Charlottes and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their

personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (Taylor).

另一种情况是作者的姓氏已在正文同一句中出现，按MLA的规范不需要使用括号夹注，如：

e.g Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing.

Ⅲ 超过四行的文内摘引语，另起一段，首行在原文基础上再缩进五个字符。行间距按1.5倍打印。

Lengthy quoted passages (more than four lines) are single-spaced and indented from the left margin.(some time from both margins) five paces. The first line is indented an additional five spaces when it marks the beginning of a paragraph.

Ⅳ 把句号或逗号放在引号内（Place the period and the comma within the quotation marks:）

E.g. “Jenny,” he said, “let’s have lunch.”

也有例外: e.g. The author states: “Time alone reveals the just(471)”.

当摘引用于强调事件本身时，破折号 —， 问号？和感叹号！一般置于引号内；当用于强调整个句子时，置于引号外。

e.g Gordon answered, “No way !”

e.g Stop whistling “All Do is Dream of you” !

第二部分：参考文献著录 Works cited or Bibliography

MLA格式(Documenting List of Sources: MLA Style)

正文引用文献须按MLA要求，著录在Works Cited或者Bibliography之下，在例如： 正文最后一章结束后另页开始，页码与正文相连。文献著录必须按作者姓氏的字母顺序排列，不得以正文中出现的先后编码排序，不得使用阿拉伯数字。每一条目中的各项内容都必须按MLA规定的次序和格式编排。

参考文献的字体与正文相同，条目间距为1.5倍行间距，另行缩进5个字符间距。 Ⅰ.每个参考文献一般有三个部分组成，依次是：作者姓，逗号，名，黑点，书名（斜体，如有副标题加冒号，文章名用引号），黑点，出版地，冒号，出版商，出版年。

e.g Feldman, Paula R. ed. British Women Poets of the Romantic Era. Baltimore: Johns

Hopkins UP, 1997.

(Note: In a MLA style, always give the author’s name as it appears on the title page. Never abbreviate a name given in full. Only use initials if the title page does.以书名上所给名字为准 )

Borroff, Marie. trans. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. New York: Norton, 1967.

Eggins, Suzanne, and Diane Slade. Analyzing Casual Conversation. London: Cassell,

1997. (Note: Reverse the first author’s name only，当有两个作者是，只把第一位作者的姓，名倒置)

Brownell, Hiram H., and Heather H. Potter. “Inference Deficits in Right-Brain

Damaged Patients.” Brain and Language 27 (1986): 310-21.

Gilman, Sander, et al.（两个以上作者） Hysteria beyond Freund. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993. (Note: When there are more than three names, name only the first and add et al., or give all names in full in the order in which they appear on the tile page.)

Ⅱ引用各类文献中的文章

1.书评、影评、电视节目评论等（Review）

Kidd, John. “The Scandal of Ulysses.” Rev. of Ulysses: The Corrected Text, by

Hans Walter Gabler. New York Review of Books 30 June 1988: 32-39.

2. 收集在书籍中的文章（Selection from an edited book）

Glover, David. “The Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of: Masculinity, Femininity,

and the Thriller.” Gender, Genre and Narrative Pleasure. Ed. Derek

Longhurst. London: Unwin Hyman, 1989. 67-83.

3.杂志中的文章

Miller, Mark Crispen. “Massa, Come Home.” New Republic 16 Sept. 1981:

29-32.

4.百科全书中的文章（An entry in an encyclopedia）

Mohanty, Jitendra M. “Indian Philosophy.” The New Encyclopaedia Britannica:

Macropaedia. 15th ed. 1987.

5研究报告

Flower, Linda. The Role of Task Representation in Reading to Write. Technical

Report No. 6. Berkeley: Center for the Study of Writing at U of

California, Berkeley and Carnegie Mellon U, 1987.

6翻译的书籍（Translated book）

Lacan, Jacques. Ecrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Norton,

1977.

7．硕博士论文（Dissertation）

Hubert, Henry Allan. “The Development of English Studies in

Nineteenth-Century Anglo- Canadian Colleges.” Diss. U of British

Columbia, 1988.

8．学术会议上的报告（Conference paper）

Moffett, James. “Censorship and Spiritual Education.” The Right to Literacy

Conference. Columbus, Ohio, September 1988.

9．电视广播节目和系列报道（A Radio/Television Broadcast/Series）

“Monkey Trial.” American Experience. PBS. WGBH, Boston. 18 Mar. 2003.

mla论文范文篇六

MLA格式{mla论文范文}.

MLA论文格式

文学类论文通常使用MLA（Modern Language Association）格式。作者在正文中用括号夹注的形式注明参考文献的简要出处，即（作者姓氏+页码）。

Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC (Marcuse 197).

而在论文末尾的参考文献部分（按作者姓氏的字母顺序排列），则可根据作者姓氏很容易的找出该引用文献的详细信息。包括作者信息，书名信息，和出版信息（出版地：出版社，出版年）三个部分。三个部分之间用“.”分开。

Marcuse, Sibyl. A Survey of Musical Instruments. New York: Harper, 1975.

2. 引语（Quotations）的格式

—用方括号（square brackets“[ ]”）和省略号（ellipses“…”）标明更动原文的地方。