bbf课时作业优化英语答案

bbf课时作业优化英语答案篇一

新牛津9A unit3课时练习(5份,有部分答案)

9 上Unit 3 单元测试

Name__________

一、选择填空:

( )1.Taking more exercise and eating less food_____ good for your health. A. is B. are C. was D. were

( )2. ______ your parents strict_____ you and_____ your study?

A. Is, with, in B. Are, in, with C. Is, in, with D. Are, with, in ( )3. Don’t forget_____ your girlfriend here next time.

A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking ( )4. Would you please_____ in the library?

A. not to talk loudly B. don’t talk loudly C. not talk loudly D. not talking loudly ( )5. The boy is very lazy. Before the exams he would rather watch TV than____for his tests.

A. revise B. to revise C. revising D. to revising

( )6. We don’t think it’s good to stay_____ late to play computer games. A. on B. out C. from D. out of

( )7. It’s so_____ in the classroom that he can’t focus on his homework. A. noise B. noisy C. noisier D. noisily ( )8. Would you like some coffee?

Yes, and please get me some milk, too. I prefer coffee_____ milk. A. with B. of C. to D. than

( )9. You shouldn’t_____ too much. It’s bad for your health to_______.

A. worry, worried B. worried, worry C. worry, worry about D. worry, be worried ( )10. Would you mind lending me your bike?_________. A. Certainly not, here you are B. Yes, OK

C. Yes, My bike is broken D. Yes, here you are.

( )11. Why don’t you like the talk? It’s_____ one that I have ever listened to. A. the most interesting B. the least interesting

C. more interesting D. such an interesting

( )12. What are you going to do this afternoon? I’m not sure. I ___ go shopping with my mother.

A. may B. can C. must D. need

( )13. I haven’t heard from him_____ last year.A. by B. since C. / D. in ( )14. If you are feeling stressed, you should_____.

A. shout at your friends B. share your problems with friends C. quarrel with your friends D. blame your parents ( )15. Students should pay no attention to people who_____ them. A. laughs at B. laugh at C. laugh over D. laughs over ( )16. Thanks for listening to my problem and_____. ________. A. give me your advice B. giving me your advice

C. give me your advice D. giving me your advices

( )17. I’m sorry I’m late again because I _____ catch the early bus. A. won’t B. didn’t C. don’t D. haven’t ( )18. He feels very lonely because he has_____ close friends. A. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )19. Can I get you a cup of tea? _________.

A. With pleasure B. It’s nice of you C. Thank you for the tea D. You can, please ( )20. Do you think that Mr Smith is a _______ person? A. happily B. quickly C. slowly D. friendly

( )21.The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven’t got everything ready____. A. ever B. already C. yet D. still

( )22. He doesn’t know_____ to hand in the homework. I think he may do it tomorrow.

A. where B. what C. which D. when

( )23. He has got something to_____ at the meeting A. tell B. talk C. speak D. say ( )24. I like the pictures which_____ on show. A. is B. being C. was D. are ( )25. Let’s go to play football,_____?A. shall we B. shall you C. will we D. will you 二、词形变换:

1. If you work hard, you’ll_________________(success) in the exams. 2. Thank you very much for giving us some______________(value) advice. 3. On of my_____________(hobby) is to collect stamps.

4. You must give up_____________(play) computer games, or you’ll fail in the exam. 5. He often________________(quarrel) with his wife about housework.

6.When you have problems, you’d better write a letter to your best friend about how__(deal) with these problems. 7. I read about one of his___________(article) on___________(teen) problems in the newspaper. 8. From his words, we draw the ____________(conclude) that he was lying to us. 9. It’s ______________(polite) to laugh at the disabled persons.

10. Why not ____________(send) an e-mail to her instead of ___________(reply) to her letter?

11. We think it _________(necessary) to give students tests every day. If so, the students will be very tired. 12. He’s business-like. He’s good at _______________( plan) things ahead.

13. Our English teacher uses different____________(act) to keep us __________(interest) in class. 14.I really don’t know which __________(do) first. I feel __________(stress) from time to time. 15.I hope I can have my parents’________________(support). 16.Are you crazy about ______________( play) football?

17.Keeping your ____________(worry) to yourself can make them worse.

18. She’s making a few birthday _______________(wish) , but we don’t know what she’s wishing for. 19. ______________(hand) in your homework on time, or your teacher will be angry with you. 20. It’s my_______________(please) to give you some useful ________________(suggest). 21. Don’t make any _____________(noise) any more. It’s much too ______________(noise) here.

22.______(much) you eat, the _____(health) you’ll be, because ______(eat) too much will make you __(health). 23. It’s not _______(wise) to spend hours_____(play) football after school or ______(stay) out late. 24.She is not very ________________(sport), she can’t run fast and hates swimming.

25.The problem of stress gets _________________(bad) when people don’t share their problems. 三、完形填空：

It was very cold that day. It was __1__ heavily and the ground was covered with __2__ snow. The shepherd thought it was dangerous to __3__ the hill and it was difficult for the sheep to find some __4__ there. So he decided to stay in the __5__ room. He put some hay(干草) in a pen(围栏) __6__ the sheep could eat it when they were __7__. The dog, who felt cold outside, lay on the __8__ hay and soon went to sleep.

At noon the sheep wanted to eat the hay. They were __9__ afraid of the dog and __10__ could get close

to it. At last the __11__ sheep came to the hay. Before he started to eat, the dog heard it and opened his eyes. He barked(吠) loudly to __12__ him. The sheep ran away __13__. Looking at the unnatural(不近人情的) dog, the sheep began to talk __14__.

“What a selfish(自私的) dog!” said one of the sheep. “He cannot eat the hay, and yet refuses to __15__ those who can to eat!” ( )1. A. raining ( )2. A. thick ( )4. A. cake ( )5. A. cold

B. snowing B. thin B. grass

C. blowing

D. shining D. big D. go to D. vegetables D. warm D. in order D. free D. wet D. neither D. some D. strongest D. receive D. quickly D. politely D. allow

C. beautiful C. climb up C. fruit C. hot C. so that C. full C. thin C. all

( )3. A. play on B. live on

B. cool

( )6. A. in order to B. so as to ( )7. A. hungry B. sick ( )8. A. hard B. soft ( )9. A. both

B. either

( )10. A. none B. neither ( )11. A. smallest B. youngest ( )12. A. meet B. greet ( )13. A. easily

B. happily

( )14. A. angrily B. happily ( )15. A. let B. ask 四、阅读理解：

C. any C. weakest C. warn C. sadly

C. quietly C. forget

Sigmund Freud was a world-famous doctor of Vienna（维也纳）. He was also a man full of humour（幽默）.

Once, at his 70th birthday party, a friend asked Freud if he could put his work into several words. “Well,” said Freud, “we take the sick out of their trouble and return them to the common suffering.”

As a devoted（忠实的）son, Freud often visited his old mother. His mother usually spent her summers in a small mountain town in Austria（奥地利）. The King Josef usually spent his summers there, too. One day in the summer, a band（乐队）was playing a lively tune（曲子）when Freud’s mother was sitting at the window and watching the people singing and dancing on Main Street. The old woman had a poor memory. She heard the band playing, but forgot it was the King’s birthday. Freud was visiting his mother on her 95th birthday. He told his mother, “Mama, the band is playing for your birthday.” She believed him and had a wonderful day. ( )1、Freud was a famous

of .

.

A．doctor, Austria B．general, ViennaC．King, Austria D．doctor, Australia

( )2、From what Freud said at his 70th birthday party, we can see that he was

A．a brave man B．a sick manC．a devoted man D．a man full of humour

( )3、One day Freud came to the small mountain town for ( )4、Which of the four sentences is wrong?

A．his 70th birthday B．the King Josef’s birthdayC．his mother’s birthday D．for his holiday A．Freud’s mother and the King Josef usually spent their summers in the same place. B．Freud’ mother’s birthday and the King’s birthday were on the same day. C．Freud’s mother was so old that her memory was very bad. D．She knew that the band was playing for the King.

.

A．the King Josef himself came to celebrate（庆贺）her birthday B．the people of the town came out to celebrate her birthday C．she believed that the band was playing for her birthday

( )5、Freud’s mother felt very happy on her 95th birthday because

D．she heard the band playing a lively tune so wonderfully

参考答案

一、选择填空: BDACA, BBADA, BABBB, BBABD, CDDDA 二、词形变换:

1. succeed 2. valuable 3. hobbies 4. playing 5. quarrels 6. to deal 7. articles, teenagers’/ teenage 8. conclusion 9. impolite 10. send, replying 11. unnecessary 12. planning 13. activities, interested 14. to do, stressed 15. support 16. playing 17. worries 18. wishes 19. Hand 20. pleasure, suggestions 21. noise, noisy 22. The more, more unhealthy, eating, unhealthy 23. wise, playing, stay 24. sporty 25. worse 三、完形填空： 名师点评

本篇是一个寓言故事，说的是一只牧羊犬，因为天冷，就睡在牧羊人给羊吃的干草上。结果，羊吃不着草，感到非常生气，他们认为狗太自私，自己又不能吃草，还不让能吃草的吃。 答案简析

1.B。从下文可知天是在下雪。

2.A。上文说天在下着大雪，所以地上应该被覆盖着“厚厚的”雪。

3.C。可能有同学会选go to the hill，但比较climb up the hill，后者更符合常理。意为“在这种天气下爬上山是很危险的。”

4.B。根据常理，羊在那儿也很难找到草。

5.D。天冷，牧羊人就想呆在温暖的房间里。英语里一般不用hot room。

6.C。后面是一个完整的句子，所以不可以用in order to或so as to。so that意为“以便”，后面得跟一个完整的句子。

7.A。全句意为“牧羊人把干草放在围栏里以便羊在饿的时候能吃”。 8.B。躺在软草上，用soft最恰当。

9.C。羊都很害怕狗。“三者以上的都”只有用all。 10.A。没有一只羊能接近它。

11.D。最终也只有最强壮的羊敢上前去。小的、弱的哪有这个胆量？ 12.C。狗大声叫，是想警告羊。绝不是去问候它。 13.D。羊只好赶紧离开，其他副词都不妥当。 14.A。不敢去吃草，只好私下里很气愤地谈论。

15.D。本句可能有同学会选let，但注意后面有to eat ，没有let sb. to do sth的说法.，但是有allow sb to do sth.，意为“但还不允许能吃的去吃（草）。 四、阅读理解： A D C D C

bbf课时作业优化英语答案篇二

《随堂优化训练》课时作业答案(必修1全册)

课时作业部分

第1课

1．C 2.D 3.B

4．D 解析：嫡长子继承制是宗法制的核心内容，且在表格中也未反映出嫡长子继承制的信息。

5．B

6．B 解析：侯在自己的封疆内相对于卿来说是大宗，因此在鲁国中处于大宗地位的是鲁国国君。

7．A

8．B 解析：虽然太子痴愚，但根据“立嫡以长不以贤”的原则，晋武帝并没有更换太子。这反映的是宗法制的嫡长子继承制的原则。

9．C 解析：本题考查宗法制和分封制带来的不利影响。从题干中的信息“血缘纽带在几代之后就会松弛和疏远”和所学可知，西周末年，分封的贵族势力逐渐强大，使周天子的权威受到挑战，削弱了周天子的实力。

10．(1)图一反映的是宗法制，图二反映的是分封制。关系：相辅相成，互为表里，宗法制维系了分封制，分封制是宗法制在政治上的体现。

(2)积极作用：分封制巩固了周朝的统治，扩大了疆域；宗法制有利于统治集团内部的稳定和团结。

(3)原因：诸侯和卿大夫在自己的封地内有相当大的权力和独立性，便利了其势力的增长。随着诸侯与周王、卿大夫与诸侯等力量对比的变化，旧的统治秩序就难以维持，分封制和宗法制必然受到破坏。

11．(1)特点：按不同等级进行不同的分封；诸侯对周天子有朝觐的义务，如不遵守则要被惩处乃至讨伐。

(2)影响：巩固了西周奴隶主贵族之间不同的等级，有力地维护了西周奴隶主贵族的统治。实质：以父系血缘关系的亲疏来维系政治等级、巩固国家统治的制度。

(3)看法：有利于中华民族内部向心力和凝聚力的增强。

第2课

1．D 2.B 3.A

4．B 解析：从秦始皇的话中，反映了他认为分封制导致天下战乱的观点，故他废分封，设郡县。

5．B 解析：此题考查的是对秦朝政治制度的理解。根据题干提供的信息和所学史实“百代都行秦政制”是指中央集权制度在地方推行郡县制，有利于维护国家统一。所以此题正确选项是B项。

6．D 解析：本题主要考查秦朝中央集权制度下的中央和地方官制。郡守是秦地方政治制度——郡县制度下面郡的最高行政长官，无法参加朝议。

7．D 解析：太尉是执掌全国军务的军事长官。A、B两项不涉及军事，可直接排除；C项不符合史实。秦始皇不任命任何人担任太尉一职，实际上是自己亲自掌握兵权。故选D项。

8．A

9．(1)实质内容：设置王国，实行分封制。

(2)理由：分封诸侯将重蹈春秋战国时的纷争局面。“安宁之术”指推行郡县制。

(3)影响：废分封，行郡县，是秦朝建立中央集权制度的根本性变革。秦通过郡县制，实现了对地方政权直接有效的控制，加强了中央集权。

(4)基本特征：皇帝独尊，皇权至上，皇位世袭。

本质：君主专制，即皇帝是封建国家政权的主宰和权力中心。

10．(1)变化：天子由诸侯之长变为诸侯之君(或君臣之名分确定)。

影响：加强了对地方控制，巩固了周王室统治；有利于统治集团内部的稳定和团结，维护了西周较长时间的强盛。

(2)态度：肯定郡县制有利于秦朝的统一。

(3)顾炎武反对恢复分封制，认为郡县制代替分封制是历史发展的必然，分封制的弊端在于容易导致地方权力的过大和国家分裂；肯定了郡县制代替分封制的历史进步，同时也指出

郡县制的弊端在于中央权力过大，影响地方的建设；应该在郡县制中加入地方分权的因素。{bbf课时作业优化英语答案}.

第3课

1．D 2．A 3.B

4．B 解析：唐代通过分割宰相权力、削弱相权而保证皇权的独尊。两图相比较，最能说明这一点。

5．B 解析：题干中所提到的历史人物均是两汉时期的，当时实行的相关制度是察举制。

6．B 解析：A项与九品中正制有关，B项与科举制有关，C项与嫡长子继承制有关，D项与察举制有关。

7．C 8.B

9．(1)指由贵族将相变为布衣将相(或主要官员由贵族出身转为平民出身)。

(2)渠道：汉武帝在列侯以外选任丞相。原因：列侯为丞相，位高权重，威胁皇权；列侯后代多腐败堕落、犯法丢爵。

(3)实质是削弱相权，加强皇权。

10．(1)程序：中书省草拟关于兴建此项工程的报告给皇帝，如果得到通过，就再交给门下省审议，尚书省将审议通过的兴建计划提交工部，由工部具体实施。

(2)措施：将主要将领的兵权收归中央，同时抽调各地精兵强将充实中央禁军。地方赋税一小部分作为地方开支，其余全部由中央掌控。看法：改变了五代以来藩镇割据的局面，但导致了地方穷困虚弱。

(3)不同：唐朝的中书省是中央机构之一，掌握决策权，负责草拟和颁发皇帝诏令；元朝的中书省上承天子，下总百司，是全国最高行政机关，其长官行使宰相职权。原因：元朝疆域辽阔，实行行省制是为了加强对全国的有效统治。

第4课

1．C

2．D 解析：清朝前期中央机构变化的主要表现是设立军机处，君主专制中央集权发展到顶峰。

3．A 解析：三公九卿、三省六部制、内阁、军机处等这些中央机构的变革主要是解决皇帝和大臣之间的权力分配，最终宰相制度消亡，皇帝大权独揽，使君主专制得以加强。

4．B

5．A 解析：题干中的关键信息“始密且速矣”体现了军机处的行政效率高的特点。

6．D 解析：明太祖时宰相制度已经被废除，清代不可能再有宰相和军机大臣的权力制衡。

7．B 8.B

9．(1)皇帝制度(或封建君主专制制度)。

(2)制度：三省六部制。特点：三省长官都是宰相，相权一分为三。

(3)原因：相权威胁皇权。

(4)变化：相权不断削弱直至消失，皇权不断加强。趋势：君主专制不断加强。

10．(1)不同：唐太宗认为应该加强宰相制度，以避免决策失误。明太祖认为宰相制度是政治混乱的根源，“稳当”的方法是集中权力于皇帝一人。

(2)唐太宗认为“稳便”的途径是将皇帝决断和集体讨论结合起来。明太祖认为“稳当”的方法是中央政府各部门只管办事，皇帝一人决策即可。

(3)从根本上说并不矛盾。因为唐太宗要求“百司商量，宰相筹划”后“方可奏行”，最后的决定权仍在皇帝一人手中，二者都坚持专制制度；但唐太宗要求将君主专制与宰相制统一起来，明太祖将宰相制与君主专制绝对对立起来看待，因此得出不同的结论。

第5课

1．C 解析：在伯利克里执政时期，参政公民可获取工资。

2．C 解析：注意题干要求的是“雅典民主制形成的过程中”。伯利克里时期雅典民主制已形成。

3．C 解析：在雅典民主政治体制中，妇女、奴隶和外邦人是没有公民权的，C项在当时雅典不可能发生。

4．D

5．A 解析：苏格拉底的话体现了雅典直接民主制下有可能选举庸才治理国家的弊端。

6．A 7.C 8.C

9．(1)评价：①一定程度上改变了贵族专权的局面，但也保护贵族的利益；②除第四等级外，其他平民皆可参政；③既不迁就贵族，也不偏袒平民；④不偏不倚的中立政策，并不能彻底化解社会矛盾；⑤为雅典民主政治的发展开辟了道路。

(2)地位：雅典公民在城邦中具有平等的政治权利，在国家政治生活中，公民能够当家作主。关系：国家体现公民个人的利益，是一种主权在民的关系。

(3)特点：广泛性、深入性。原因：雅典所有公民，已经基本上不受财产限制，而享有同样比较充分的民主权利。

10．(1)积极作用：开创了西方民主政治的先河，影响深远；有利于调动人们的主人翁意识，极大发挥人们的个人潜力；多数人参政，减少决策失误；群众监督，防止以权谋私；推动了雅典哲学、史学、艺术等各方面的发展，使希腊文明成为世界重要的文明中心之一。

(2)直接民主制使素养不同的人享有同等的国家管理权，不利国家管理，容易导致国家权力的滥用或误用。

第6课

1．C

2．D 解析：题干所述法律条文中，既体现了维护私有财产，同时又反对高利贷，这对平民有利。D项最符合题意。

3．C 解析：从题干反映的案例来看，并没有体现阶级的差别，也不能说明其完备性。它仅仅是对人们行为规范的规定，并可以以此来处理人们之间的矛盾，故答案为C项。{bbf课时作业优化英语答案}.

4．A 5.D

6．D 解析：材料信息反映的是罗马法对维系罗马帝国统治的积极影响。

7．B 8.A

9．(1)不能。因为法律规定奴隶没有权利；而平民也不能与贵族通婚。

(2)《十二铜表法》是罗马第一部成文法，为以后罗马法的发展奠定了基础；它条文清晰，内容广泛，在一定程度上限制了贵族特权，保护了平民利益。但它毕竟是一部维护奴隶主贵族利益的法律，不可能做到真正的法律面前人人平等。

10．(1)变化：从公民法到万民法。背景：商品经济的高度发展；疆域的不断扩大；政治统治的需要；法治传统的影响。

(2)影响：近代资产阶级根据罗马法中的思想，制定出保障自己利益的法律；还利用和发展了罗马法中的思想和制度，作为反封建的有力武器。近代欧美各国很多法律制度的原则和做法，都可在罗马法中找到源头。

原因：适应了资本主义发展的需要；体系丰富、完善。

(3)价值：“法律面前人人平等”；法律能规范人们的行为，维护社会的稳定等。(言之有理即可)

第7课

1．D

2．C 解析：A、B两项说法错误，直接排除；D项是《权利法案》颁布产生的深远影响。

3．C 解析：A、B两项所表述的是封建社会的君主制度，显然是不适合工业化的。17世纪英国进行了资产阶级革命，通过《权利法案》确立了适应资产阶级需要的新的制度。

4．C 5.A 6.D 7.D

8．C 解析：英国议会反映的是英国的民主制度，清朝军机处反映的是清朝的专制制度，两者的性质截然不同，故选C项。

9．(1)特点：与议会妥协合作，采取了有利于资产阶级和资本主义发展的措施。原因：由于革命对封建统治冲击的结果；资产阶级和新贵族对封建势力妥协的结果。

(2)阶段：共和制阶段、复辟阶段、光荣革命阶段。根本问题：国家权力归属问题。

(3)必然性：资本主义发展还不充分，资产阶级还不成熟；英吉利民族尊重传统、崇尚中庸；光荣革命取得了巨大成功。

(4)认识：一种新的社会制度的确立，总要经历反复和曲折，确立一种新的社会制度，必须从国情和民情出发。

10．(1)不同：材料一强调国会的法院已得到国王圣裁，同国王抗辩；材料二则以明确的

条文限制王权。

(2)主要精神是限制国王的权力；目的是为限制王权提供法律依据和保障。

(3)进步性：材料一强调国会的法院颁布法律是经国王授权并同意的，任何人都必须遵守，而材料二更进步，强调法律由立法机构制定，国王无权废除法律或停止法律的实施。

第8课

1．A 解析：题干中的“很大程度上归咎于最高权力机构的无权”说明华盛顿的态度是首先解决中央集权的问题。

2．A 解析：“把总统关在笼子里”即是对总统权力进行有效的牵制，是通过三权分立来实现的。

3．A 解析：1787年宪法存在种族歧视，②项错误；美国实行的是三权分立的资产阶级共和制，③项错误。

4．B 解析：华盛顿虽然不赞成奴隶制，但他无法废除奴隶制，因为要废除奴隶制，必须要通过立法，立法权被国会掌握。

5．D 6.C 7.C 8.D

9．(1)美国宪法规定国家权力属于联邦政府。同时实行三权分立原则，相互制约，相互制衡。

(2)国会掌握立法权，总统任命的官员，可以以三分之二的多数推翻总统对国会法案的表决。众议院有权对总统提出弹劾，交由参议院审判。司法独立，联邦法院有权审查行政或立法的行为，若认为总统或国会的某些法律、条约和政策“违宪”，可宣布其无效。

10．(1)《权利法案》从立法权、司法权、行政权等方面限制国王的权力。

(2)原则：联邦制原则；分权与制衡原则；民主原则。

(3)英国实行的是君主立宪制，美国实行的是民主共和制。核心特征：代议制民主。发展方向：民主化、法律化、制度化。

第9课

1．C 解析：两国总统都是间接选举产生。

2．B 解析：参议院议员是由间接选举产生，B项错误。

3．C

4．D 解析：根据德意志帝国宪法的规定，帝国议会通过的法案必须得到联邦议会和皇帝的批准才能生效。

5．A 6.D

7．B 解析：英国的责任内阁和美国的联邦共和政体都不是出现在19世纪中期，而德意志帝国议会却没有实权。最能体现这个趋势的是法国共和政体的建立。

8．C 解析：A项不符合英国，B项中的“三权分立”不符合英、法两国，D项不符合题干要求的“核心”。故答案为C项。

9．(1)权力中心是总统。目的：为了加强中央集权。

(2)美国强调“分权与制衡”的原则；德国名为君主立宪，实为君主专制。

原因：美国没有经历过封建社会，以独立战争的方式走上发展资本主义的道路；德国以自上而下的王朝战争实现统一，保留了大量的封建残余。

10．(1)政治制度：法国是共和制，德国是君主立宪制。

(2)不同：①国家元首的产生办法不同。法国的总统是由议会选举产生，总统要对议会负责；德国皇帝是世袭的，凌驾于议会之上。②两国行政权与立法权的关系不同。法国行政权与立法权的关系体现了分权与制衡的原则，总统由参议院和众议院联席会议选举产生，总统需要对参众两院负责。德国是行政权控制立法权，皇帝有权解散联邦议会和帝国议会，宰相是内阁首脑，同时担任联邦议会的议长，帝国议会制定的任何法律必须得到联邦议会和皇帝的批准才能生效。

(3)原因：两个国家与旧制度的关系不同。法国经过大革命的洗礼，封建势力被彻底摧毁，实行的是典型的资本主义议会制；德国是通过王朝战争实现统一、走上资本主义道路的，普鲁士的军国主义传统得以延续，实行的是保留有浓厚专制残余的君主立宪制。

第10课

1．B

2．D 解析：依据信息“可卡因合法化”“支付巨额战争赔款”，可联系鸦片战争中，

英国殖民者先是企图使鸦片贸易合法化，随后又迫使清政府支付巨额战争赔款的史实，可判断D项符合题意。

3．C 解析：英国发动侵华战争的根本目的是为了打开中国市场，倾销商品和掠夺原材料，C项最能反映这一点。

4．B 5.A

6．A 解析：从题干中英国对华通商情况的失望和要求修约的内容可知先前所缔结的条约是《南京条约》。

7．C 解析：从英国人要求五口通商的理由来看，几个通商口岸都便于通商贸易，故答案为C项。

8．B

9．(1)反映的是清政府实行的闭关锁国政策。

不是。理由：清政府实行该政策的根本原因在于维护自给自足的封建自然经济和清朝的封建专制统治。

(2)相关政策：重农抑商政策和“海禁”政策。

(3)回应： 1840年，英国发动了侵略中国的鸦片战争；强迫清政府签订了《南京条约》等一系列不平等条约。影响：打开了中国闭关锁国的大门，中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会。

10．(1)原因：进一步打开中国市场，以便倾销商品和掠夺原料。

(2)得到了实现。《天津条约》和《北京条约》的签订，英、法等国获得大量特权。

(3)关系：第二次鸦片战争是鸦片战争的继续和扩大。①鸦片战争的目的是为了攫取侵略权益，打开中国市场；第二次鸦片战争则是要进一步打开中国市场，扩大侵略权益。②两次都是对中国的侵略战争。鸦片战争侵略重点在东南沿海地区；第二次鸦片战争英、法不仅侵略东南沿海，还进一步侵入京津地区，从破坏程度和规模来看也进一步扩大了。③鸦片战争后，列强强迫清政府签订一系列不平等条约，使中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会；第二次鸦片战争期间，列强也强迫清政府签订了不平等条约，中国半殖民地半封建化的程度进一步加深。

第11课

1．A 解析：注意题干时间信息是“19世纪中叶”，结合中国历史可知那时中国国内爆发了太平天国运动。

2．A

3．B 解析：太平天国运动是阶级矛盾尖锐的结果，其斗争的矛头直接指向清政府，“顽妖”是指清政府。

4．A 5.C 6.C

7．C 解析：中国的资产阶级民主革命的基本任务是反帝反封建，但太平天国运动是农民政权，虽具有反帝反封建的性质，但不是真正意义的资产阶级民主革命，所以只能说是准备阶段。

8．C 解析：由于农民阶级的局限性，太平天国运动没有科学进步的革命理论的指引。

9．(1)按人口平均分配土地，实现土地公有。

(2)实行一切产品归国库的平均分配制度。

(3)所谓“照旧交粮纳税”，就是沿用清朝的旧制，向地主、自耕农按土地亩数征收田赋。实质是承认地主占有土地的合法性。

(4)说明在小农经济的基础上，土地公有、绝对平均分配土地和产品的理想是不可能实现的。太平天国只能根据社会的现实状况和国家的财政需要来调整和实行自己的政策。

10．(1)思想：《天朝田亩制度》主张平分土地，建立均富的理想社会；《资政新篇》主张发展近代工矿等企业，在中国建立资本主义经济。

(2)进步性：《天朝田亩制度》提出推翻地主土地所有制，解除封建压迫，建立农民土地所有制的原则，具有鲜明的反封建意义。《资政新篇》是最早提出在中国发展资本主义的方案，集中反映了当时先进的中国人向西方寻找真理和探索救国救民道路的迫切愿望。

第12课

1．C 解析：材料中的“卅年求富更求强”指的是洋务运动30年，从时间推算是19世纪90年代，从“海面未收功一战”可知这与甲午中日战争有关。

bbf课时作业优化英语答案篇三

高一习题 英语课时作业22

(必修五·Unit 2)

Ⅰ.单项填空

1．A meeting was held yesterday to ________ whether the new highway should be built or not.

A．argue B．debate

C．quarrel D．talk about

答案与解析：B debate常指在正式场合对公共的问题慎重地、有条理地进行辩论，通常按规则进行，并有评判人进行裁决，有时也用在非正式场合；argue是常用词，一般指以摆事实、讲道理的方式或以激烈争论的方式发表意见，侧重就自己的看法和立场，举出理由和事实与别人进行争论；quarrel多指因琐事而争吵，常带有气愤情绪；talk about是“谈论”的意思。由题意知应选B。

2．—I was wondering how to understand the grammar of these sentences.

—You'd better break them ________ into parts.

A．down B．up

C．off D．out

答案与解析：A break down意为“毁掉，分解”；break up意为“打破，打碎”；break off意为“中断，停止”；break out意为“爆发”。根据题意，可知应该是把句子分解成几部分。

3．—Will you please use your ________ with him not to do it?

—I will do my best.

A．influence B．inspiration

C．encouragement D．effect

答案与解析：A influence意为“有影响或权威的人或事”。inspiration意为“鼓舞，激励”；encouragement意为“鼓励，怂恿”；effect意为“效应，作用，影响”。

4．—The fellow has been suspected ________ an e-mail fraud.

—Nowadays cybercrime is developing ________ an amazing rate.

A．from; at B．about; in

C．of; with D．of; at

答案与解析：D suspect sb. of为固定搭配，意为“怀疑某人是„„”；rate常与介词at连用，意为“以„„的速度”。

5．The club ________ more than 200 members，and the number is increasing.

A．consists of B．is consisted of

C．makes up of D．makes up

答案与解析：A 本题考查表示“由„„组成”的短语用法，consist of＝be made up of。

6．As a reward ________ his contribution ________ botany，Joseph Banks had a flower named ________ him.

A．for; for; for B．for; to; after

C．for; for; after D．of; to; for

答案与解析：B for表示原因；contribution后常接to，表示“对„„的贡献”；be named after“以„„命名”为固定搭配。

7．—Does she say anything that ________ you especially?

—Not really.

A．attacks B．attracts

C．appeals D．appoints

答案与解析：B attract“吸引”，符合题意。attack“攻击”；appeal 表示“吸引”时，其后不能直接跟宾语，应用appeal to；appoint“指定；任命”。

8．The project ________ by the end of 2011，will expand the city's telephone network to cover 2 000 000 users.

A．being accomplished

B．to be accomplished

C．accomplished

D．having been accomplished

答案与解析：B accomplish“做成功，完成”。由时间状语by the end of 2011可知用不定式作定语。

9．Imperfect goods are ________ by our quality control center in case they come into the consuming of the customers.

A．rejected B．accepted

C．realized D．followed

答案与解析：A reject “拒绝；不接受；抛弃”，常有由于质量问题或不再有用而丢弃的含义，相当于abandon。

10．In dealing with public relations，we should make every effort to prevent the ________ in personality.

A．conflict B．contrast

C．contract D．concern

答案与解析：A conflict“冲突”符合题意。contrast “差别”；contract“合同”；concern“关心；担忧”。

11．I have ________ our guests to be driven to the church.

A．arranged for B．organized for

C．arranged D．advocated

答案与解析：A arranged for“为„„作安排”。句意：我已安排好用车把我们的客人送到教堂。

12．As teachers，we should be ________ of our students' feelings.And then they will trust us.

A．anxious B．afraid

C．delighted D．considerate

答案与解析：D 形容词辨析。be considerate of 固定搭配，意思是“体谅”。句意：作为老师，我们应该体谅学生(的感情)，这样他们才会相信我们。

13．—Oh dear！How can you ________ such important information?

—Forgive me.

A．leave out B．carry out

C．give out D．hold out

答案与解析：A leave out“漏掉”。句意：哦，天哪！我怎能漏掉这么重要的信息？carry out 开展，执行；give out 分发；hold out坚持，维持。

14．________ is no possibility ________ Bob can win the first prize in the match.

A．There; that B．It; that

C．There; whether D．It; whether

答案与解析：A there is no possibility 为固定用法，意义是“„„没有可能”；that引导的是同位语从句，用以解释possibility 的内容。要注意的是whether 通常不与有“不可能”之意的词连用。

15．Why，I had thought the Grand Hotel was on this corner but I seem ________ a mistake.

A．to make B．to have made

C．to be making D．to have been making

答案与解析：B 由语境可知，我犯的错误就是“原来以为the Grand Hotel在这个拐角处”，所以应用不定式的完成时。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

Jane Goodall was born on April 3,1934，in London，England.On her second birthday，Jane's father bought her a life-like toy chimpanzee named Jubilee.Even now，Jubilee is part of Jane's life.

Jane got attracted by animals at an early age，and she dreamed of going to Africa to study and live with animals.When she was 23 years old，Jane traveled to Kenya to visit a childhood friend.While there，she was introduced to Dr.Louis Leakey，a renowned paleontologist and anthropologist.She studied with Dr.Leaky for a year，and she shocked him with her endless

knowledge of animals and their behavior.Dr.Leakey asked Jane to study the chimpanzees of the Gombe Stream Reserve in Africa.Though she had no scientific training in animal study，Dr.Leakey realized that she had an insatiable curiosity about the animal world，a strong determination to find answers，and the necessary patience to await their discovery.She would spend the next 30 years in Gombe learning the ecology (生态学) of wild chimpanzees.

Jane challenged scientific protocol (科学实验计划) by giving the chimps names instead of assigning them numbers.She was the first to discover the concept of “tool use” amongst animals，when she witnessed the chimpanzees using straws to pull termites from the nest.

Nowadays，Dr.Goodall spends almost 300 days a year lecturing，teaching and encouraging young people to take informed and compassionate action to improve the environment of all living creatures great and small.You can visit her website at to learn more about the mission of the Jane Goodall Institute and what steps you can take to help chimpanzees.

1．Why did Jane go to Africa?

A．She wanted to make her scientific study.

B．She was invited by Dr.Leakey.

C．She visited her old friend there.

D．She could be well trained there.

答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段“Jane traveled to Kenya to visit a childhood friend”可知她去非洲的肯尼亚的初衷是拜访朋友的。故选C。本题易误选A，研究动物是她儿时的梦想和她后来的工作，但不是此行的目的。

2．Which of the following surprised Dr.Leakey most?

A．Jane's knowledge about animals.

B．Jane's curiosity about the animal world.

C．Jane's determination to study animals.

D．The endless questions Jane asked.

答案与解析：A 细节理解题。文章第二段中“and she shocked him with her endless knowledge of animals and their behavior”表明了Leakey 对Jane 所掌握的无穷无尽的动物知识感到震惊。故选A。

3．What is Jane's greatest achievement in her study?

A．She gave the chimps names instead of assigning them numbers.

B．She discovered that some animals could use tools.

C．She spends almost 300 days a year on her work.

D．She has created a website to help people study chimpanzees.

答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段“She was the first to discover the concept of ‘tool use’ amongst animals...”，可见她在这项研究发现中的位置。故选B。

4．We can infer from the text that________.

A．Jane's father gave her much help in her study

B．Jane's childhood friend was also interested in animals

C．Jane has been working hard at her scientific study in Africa

D．Jane is ready to help people learn about animals on the Internet

答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可以判断，Jane 建立网站，可以帮助登陆该网站的人们了解有关的情况并从中可以学会如何保护和帮助黑猩猩。故选D。

Ⅲ.篇章结构

There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life. ，both parents work outside the home.Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents.They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations.

The business also adds another factor：The need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly.__2__.Computers，DVDs，CDs，television，PlayStations and Xboxes have become major leisure activities，rather than traditional more active pursuits.This has led to a lifestyle of less

exercise. ，they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles.It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal.The media constantly bombard(轰炸)their audience with “perfect” body images，the need to buy the most fashionable clothes，the most up-to-date computer games，the best places to visit and the best things to do.

Environments vary，can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties.Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life. person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy—if he/she is motivated enough!

A．The media provide entertainment and information.

B．Advertisements play an important role in people's life.

C．We may be exposed to pollution，such as cigarette smoke.

D．Nowadays，people are very busy.

E．People are living in a bad air environment.

F．The important one is motivation or the desire to be healthy

G．Today.society places a lot of emphasis on technology.

答案：1.D 2.G 3.A 4.C 5.F

Ⅳ.短文改错

Dear Mum，

I'd like to tell you something more about our school sports meet.It was held on October 13，which was fine day.There are more than 3,000 students and teachers attend it.Linda，a girl from my class won the 100-metre dash.She finishes the dash in only 12.6 seconds and broke in the school record kept for eight years.The sports meet was a great success.That was why we were all trying to do my best and we knew the importance of team work.Although I was not one of the winner in the sports meet，I was proud of that we had done.

Looking forward to hearing from you.

Your daughter，

Fang Fang

答案：

Dear Mum，

I'd like to tell you something more\ about our school sports meet.It was held on October 13，which was ∧are more than 3,000 students and teachers attend a fine day.There it.Linda，a girl from my class won the 100-metre dash.She the dash in only 12.6 seconds and broke in\ the school record kept for eight years.The sports meet was a great success.That was we were all trying to do best and we knew the importance of team work.Although I was not one of the in the sports meet，I was proud of we had done.

Looking forward to hearing from you.

Your daughter，